A SHORT HISTORY OF WRITING=GRAFFITI

A SHORT

HISTORY

OF

"WRITING"=

GRAFFITI

Developemental history:

sketch/outline:1995

--------------------------------------

1.draft:10 pages(1996)

2.draft:25 pages(1997)

3.draft:40 pages(1997)

4.draft:60 pages(1998)

5.draft:100 pages(1998)

6.draft:150 pages(1998)

7.draft:175 pages(1999)in prep.

The process from some"idea"to realisation of it taking some time,once started and begun it only needed the listing of all already available details from Kassel graffiti-archive to start some new publication that is going to become continually updated.

In case you`re inclined to help enlarge this list ,offer recommendations,informations,material as it will be continually be updated etc.contact me at:

Int.work-group on graffiti-research

("AG psychosoziale Probleme und visuelle Kommunikation")

AXEL THIEL(coordination)

Address:

A.Thiel

Blücherstr.24
D-34123 Kassel(Germany)

Tel,fax.answering device:GERMANY-561/55642

handy(almost anytime):GERMANY-177/50 83 847

ARCHIVE1@aol.com

http://users.aol.com/archive1

http://www.graffiti.org/axel/index.html

http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/

Since we know that WRITING(graffiti)-as we know now it to be-started ca.1975 in USA we are already able to delineate some HISTORY OF WRITING and show the first DEVELOPEMENTAL traits being and becoming visible here.

BEST LEXICAL ENTRIES

"GRAFFITI"

INTERNATIONALLY:

BERNHARD,A.,IN:"Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum",vol.12,Stuttgart 1983,pp:667-680(Greek graffiti,excellent,German)

PHILLIPS,Susan,VIA:Art Crimes(http://www.graffiti.org/(good,English)

PIETRI,C.,IN:"Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum",vol.12,Stuttgart 1983,pp:638-667(Roman graffiti,excellent,reflecting 200 years of graffiti-research,German)

THIEL,Paul:"Lexikon der Kunst",vol.2,Leipzig 1989,pp:830-831(excellent,German)

THIEL,Axel:"Einführung in die Grafitti-Forschung/introduction to graffiti-research",vol.26,

Kassel 1996/96(200 pages,most complete so far,English)

VAN TREECK,B.:IN:"Graffiti Lexikon",Berlin 1998,p:101-102(useful,German)

AN OVERVIEW:

Presented material offering to the reader some access to this very ambivalenced and highly controversial,heavily, ideologically fought-about field of knowledge so interested persons may find their own ways into this field of research.

Plase keep in mind what you may find here only being a tiny part of what could be know IF all persons would be motivated enough to provide and/or offering the material necessary for such a task.

Unfortunataly that is not the case.

But you still will be able to gain a first"glimpse"......

PREHISTORY

reading the"naturals signs"

a short list of natural signs:

rainbow

volcano

inflagration

fire

fluidal structures(dirt on water)

raindrops on dry surface(track-like)

tracks(mud)

erosion

stars

sun

moon

shooting stars

day

night

fossils

cracks&fissures in dried mud

"rainbow-colors"in a dewdrop

water-surface(natural mirror)

shadow(daytime)

shadow(bright night)

reflections of light(water-surface)

movement of animals(flight,escape,"schools")

etc.

lightning/flash

body-language

sign-language(hunters)

body-painting

tattooing

tribal marks

dancing

music

rhythm

oral "history"

direct personal communication(tradition)

tracking

graffiti-prehistory:cave-art

signs

symbols

quipus(South America)

languages

petroglyphes,hieroglyphes etc.

"finding" of writing

developement and differentiation of writing

trans-personal communication(fixation of informations)

"coagulated speech"(documentable visualized human communication)

for longest periods outer(public)walls have been accessible to all

private property of walls etc.unknown

THE NEEDS OF BODY(FACE-PAINTING IN PRIMORDIAL TIMES):

Make your shape"blur"to animals(prey)vision(all kinds of mud,color etc.)when hunting

Make your body`s-smell being covered up by"natural"smells(animal excrements,plants etc.)when hunting

Make your body decorated to impress other persons(esthetics,courting,warfare etc.)

Make your body painted during games(ritual,coming of age etc.)

Make your body change in plays where you change roles(religious etc)

Make your body as"invisible"as possible for war-purposes

Make your body change at specific festivities(decoration).

the possible developement from body-painting to petroglyphes:

-a probabilistic model-

1.tracks

2.touching mud

3.body-painting(see above)

4.modelling(mud,clay)

5.scratching soft surfaces(stones)

6.modelling soft stones(chalk e.g.,etc.)

7.wall-paiting

8.engraving/scratching harder surfaces(flintstone-technology etc.)

9.petroglyphes

10.cave-art

11.application of colors

.......

12.hieroglyphes

13.writing

a-personal informations storage(writing)

non-personal communication(tradition,archives)

graffiti in history

signs,marks of populaces during migrations-periods

eldest graffiti ca.5 000 years

public use of outer walls(no paper etc.)normal...

classical graffiti(Pompeji,Athens etc.)

Medieval graffiti

590 b.C.:statue of Pharao Psammetich II,inscribed with graffiti by his Greek mercenaries

0............ORIGIN of our time-count

1300........March 05 painter "Bartolomeo di maestro Gerardino"was issued by city of Bologna

to draw onto walls(graffiti-style)the outlines and names of death-row inmates(pittura

infamante)

1301.........did his 2.job same way

14.century:sgraffito-technique developed in Italy

1475.........At Verona the painters Francesco benaglio and Francesco Martino were imprisoned

doing some paid graffiti(pittura infamante).

1500:Rome at Pasquino(antique monument)to put up graffiti,comments,caricatures

1501........Ancient monument"Pasquino"(Rome)is being used to publicly put up ironical

messages and graffiti,use becoming accepted

1505........Venice,at Riato we find caricatures/graffiti aimed against Doge Leonardo Loredan

1568........Italy,painter and artist Giorigio Vasari writing first text on sgraffito-technique

1571:"Index librorum prohibitorum"

marks,signs of vagrant scholars,students,monks etc.("monikers")

masons`,carpenters` etc.marks(guilds-signs)

symbols,signs from alchemy

1593:"Roma Sotteranea"(A.Bosio)written

origins of graffiti-research ca. 200 years ago(from:archeology)

graffiti-research(Anthropophyteia)ca.1900

"modern"graffiti-research(1979)A.Thiel

1622 "Congregatio de propaganda fide"

1632: "Roma Sotteranea"(A.Bosio)posthumously published

HISTORY TIME-TABLE(graffiti):

an overview covering all aspects of the

developement of documentable visible human communication,to be

had in "Vocabulary of graffiti- research",part 3(15 pages text)

here all informations can be obtained to understand

the developement of writing on walls

1780.......first materials that can be named graffiti-research

1800:origins of graffiti-research

1808 .....first excavations at Pompeii

1830.....French king Louis-Philipp I.being nichnamed"Le Poire"(The pear,die Birne)depicted

on streets as graffiti(also known from caricature)

1853.....Zurich,Russian anarchist Michail Bakunin writing onto stock-exchange there his fa-

mous message

19.century:Kyselak(Austria)first person to"tag"his name allover the country,1795-1831

Restif de la Bretonne was in France what Kyselak was in Austria(nicknamed:

Griffon=the scribbler,the smearer)1734-1806

Sigmund Freud

Carl Gustav Jung(basics of art-therapy)

hobos`monikers in USA etc.

"Gaunerzeichen"in Europe

20.century

ca.1904 first graffiti-research"modern"ways(KRAUSS,Anthropophyteia)

ca.1920,"Fröhliche Heerfahrt"(Kurt Ahnert)military graffiti(WW I)rare document

Germany

"Lachendes Heerlager"(K.Ahnert)WW I graffiti(military)Germany

1927"Über das Behalten von erledigten und unerledigten Handlungen"(B.Zeigarnik)

IN:Psychologische Forschung,no.9(Berlin)fundamental

1930:Mexican mural movement(revolution)

1934:A.Adler"Über Kritzeleien"

1939"The common people of Pompeii"(H.Tanzer)

1942/1942(Munich)resistance group"Weisse Rose"doing political wall-writing

(were executed)Hans Scholl,Sophie Scholl,Christoph Probst,Kurt Huber,

Alexander Schmorell,Willi Graf(guillotine)

1933-1945:swastika as"hate-graffiti"

military graffiti on vehicles and shelters etc.(WW II)

anti-Hilter graffiti in Berlin`s"Reichskanzlei"(28-02-44)

1945:atomic-electronic revolution

atomic graffiti(outlines burned into the ground in Japan by A-bombs)

one generation in between to ca.1968.....

A.Thiel born

USA:Youth growing up in"comic-culture"

comics visualize ideas (and speech)in"bubbles"that appear above the heads of

acting persons

the outlines of those"bubbles"almost identical form as "pieces" have today

the unconscious influences (outlines)being obvious here

animated cartoons(films)

1949:"Ursprung und Gegenwart"(J.Gebser)fundamental

"Abenteuer des Schienstranges"(J.London)...railway stories(monikers!)

ca.1954:A.Thiel(child)making experience that certain questions cannot be asked with words

but have to be drawn(childrens pictures)in schools(taboo)

1956:"Die Antiquiertheit des Menschen"(G.Anders),2 Teile,München,fundamental

Hungary revolution(political graffiti)

East Germany uprising

1957:China-walls used for graffiti and wall-news(May)people that named their material were

later persecuted(identified)

1960:"Berlin Wall" being started

A.Jimenez"Picardia Mexicana"

WEST SIDE STORY:a film full of tags,the(unconscious)

most influential movie

before any publication on(modern)graffiti ever came up.

1961:last:"index librorum prohibitorum"(Catholic church)

Brassai:"graffiti"

1964:"In der Sache J.Robert Oppenheimer"(R.Kipphardt)

A.Thiel watching play on Oppenheimer(tv)by R.Kipphardt

1965:"Repressive tolerance"(H.Marcuse),IN:"A critique of pure tolerance"(Wolff/Moore/

Marcuse)fundamental

"index librorum prohibitorum"(Catholic church)ended,ca. 10 000 books;

CENSORSHIP(started:1571)

1967:"Pragmatics of human communication"(Watzlawick et.al)fundamental

first tags:Cornbread(Philadelphia)

1968"students(youth)revolution"(one generation after 1945!)

Julio 204,first tagger(then still named:hit)Manhattan

Sardinia mural movement

graffiti as"psychological fallout"

"Klotterplanket"in Sweden(graffiti-like,official public board)

1969:Thor 191(tagger)one of first

first tries at signatures(tags,hits)

"Menschliche Komunikation"(Watzlawick et.al)

A.Jimenez"Picardia Mexicana",Mexico

turf-graffiti etc.

Top Cat

"Names,graffiti and culture""(urban review)

ca.1970 tagging starting in New York and Los Angeles

availability of spraycans(technology)

general kowledge about"monikers"

cleaning of tags,New York:300 000 $$(80 000 hours)

presence of a "visually dominated society"(illuminated advertisement)

billboards

posters

the overall importance,influence and presence of brands(=names!)

fanzine:aerosol"(R.Avau)Belgium

1971:Taki 183,famous first tagger/writer(New York)21-07-71"The New York Times"

instant FAME

aspects of"hostile territory"(slum,ghetto)

first pieces by Barbara 62,Cay 161,Junior 161(origins of writing)use of spraycans

Top Cat 126:"Broadway elegant"(style)

"Brookly style"

"Two thousand years of wall writing"(Reisner/Wechsler)

first (writers) crew"Vanguards"(New York)gang

second (writers)crew"Last Survivors"gang

first trains

first real writing crew"Ex-Vandals"

Crew:"Three yard boys"(3YB)

crews and groups specific structures developing(toy,writer already accepted etc.)

name,fame becoming important

Transit Police(New York)arrests:351

writers corner: W.C.188

New York cleaning costs(writing):600 000 $$

"Psychologie der Kreativität"(E.Landau,Tel Aviv)

"Public billboard"(graffiti-like)at Boston(Graffiti-board)

New York Times featuring article"Philadelphia,graffiti capital of the US"

1972:legal pieces being presented(D.Bromberg)"Museum of Modern Arts"

Stay High first E-to-E

Super Kool(first"masterpiece")

UGA(united graffiti artists) founded by H.Martinez

UGA exhibitions(first)

NOGA (nation of graffiti artists)founded(New York)by Jack Pelsinger

experimenting with spraycans(first"writers")

developing/finding writing"American style"(social invention)

Phase 2("bubble style")

Pistol 1(first 3-D-piece)

changing of caps"invented"this year by Super Kool

Super Kool doing first masterpiece(later:piece)

tries at"sales ban"(spraypaint)New York(impossible),Mayor of New York:Lindsay

Transit Police(N.Y.):1562 arrests

W.C.188

Bureau of the budget-city of New York:"Graffiti prevention project"

Bureau of the budget-City of New York:"Costs of graffiti to the city of N.Y."

cleaning(N.Y.):1 300 000 $$

fat caps in use

1973:Phase 2(New York)exhibiting

Flint 707,first whole car(New York)

style wars(experimenting,competition,style-developement)

Riff(first top-to-bottom)

Transit Police(N.Y.):1408 arrests

UGA(2.)exhibition(sales)200 to 3000 $$

cleaning(N.Y.):2 700 000 $$

"Ursprung und Gegenwart"(J.Gebser)3 vols.(München)pocket book

"Theorie der Subkultur"(Schwendter)1.fundfamental

"Graffiti-some observations and speculations"(Lomas)

1974:Phase 2(Chicago)exhibition

Transit Police(N.Y.):1652 arrests

UGA exhibition(Chicago)

cleaning(N.Y.):4 000 000 $$

"Encyclopedia of graffiti"(Reisner/Wechsler)thematic content study(fundamental)

they have been documenting that in graffiti("writing" having not yet been invented)you

you can(thematic content)find all kinds of relevant data covering all aspects of human life

and material permitting some"history from below"

a list of their (Reisner/Wechsler)key-words in"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"

part 3(forthcoming)

"The faith of graffiti"(N.Mailer/M.Kurlansky/J.Naar)

1975:Phase 2(New York)

general interest of media(permutation,multiplication)

first publications on new"phenomenon"

first outlines of a specific vocabulary of writing(writers`terminology)

IN("throw up",style)said to have done more that 10 000

first graffiti-squad(New York)Kevin Hikney/Conrad Lesnewski

term:"getting up"in use

Transit Police(N.Y.):1202 arrests

cleaning(N.Y.):7 000 000 $$

"Die Funktion der Symbolbildung für den Spannungsausgleich bei psychopatholo-

gischen und kreativen Prozessen"(dissertation)H.Müller-Braunschweig(fundamental)

""Street writers-a guided tour of Chicano graffiti"(G.Cesaretti)

1976:Flame 1,New York,first whole train(with Caine,Mad 103)the famous FREEDOM

TRAIN

Transit Police(N.Y.):799 arrests

first whole train(Caine,Flame 1,Mad 103)

cleaning(N.Y.):ca.10 000 000 $$

"A psychological perspective of the nuclear energy controversey"(P.D.Pahner)Laxen-

burg(Austria)fundamental

graffiti/writing as"psychological fallout"

AIDS

"Guida archeological di Pompei"(Coarelli/La Rocca/De Vos)

classical graffiti,fundamental

"Graffiti-some clinical observations"(Lomas)

1977:R.A.Aman starting(Waukesha,Wisconsin)"Maledicta-the international

journal of verbal aggression",today Santa Monica

http://maledicta.onprod.com

http://www.marlowepub.com/marlowe/titles.html#opus

http://www.sonic.net/maledicta

This extraordinary and pioneering journal(the follow up of KRAUSS`s

famous"Anthropophyteia"is inquerying the "low" elements in human communication.

Transit Police(N.Y.):348 arrests(reduction of budget!)

second whole train(Doc,Lee,Mono,Slave(Fabulous Five)Slug being sick

cleaning(N.Y.):ca.11 000 000 $

"Toward a sociology and psychology of graffiti"(Abel/Buckley)

"Big art-megamurals&supergraphics"(Philadelphia)

"Sex Pistols"UK(No future!)

"Me llamaban elcoronelazo,memorias"(D.A.Siqueros)Mexico

"Zurich sprayer"(Harald Naegeli)starting his graffiti in Europe

Baacke,D."Campus Graffiti"

1978:Keith Haring(Pittsburgh)exhibiting

"Aachener Wandmaler"(Germany)

cleaning(N.Y.):15 000 000 $$

"Graffiti a New York"(A.Nelli,Italy)

"Kool Killer"(Baudrillard)"scratching the surface....."

"Theorie der Subkultur"(Schwendter)Germany,2.

"Graffiti a New York 1968-1976"(A.Nelli)

Harald Naegeli(Zurich sprayer)doing graffiti in Europe undiscovered(yet)

1979:origins of modern graffiti-research

Kassel,Germany

int.work-group on graffiti-research

Axel Thiel(coordination)

("Arbeitsgruppe psychosoziale Probleme und visuelle Kommunikation" )

"On subway graffiti in New York"(The public interest)N.Glazer

first graffiti-prevention projects(New York)

Lee(Rome)exhibiting

first collection of data at Kassel(latrinalia etc.)Kassel university,Volkswagen factory,city

first publications at Kassel(graffiti-research)"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität"vol.1

famous"Zurich-sprayer(Harald Naegeli)already working

M.Etter"Spraybilder in Zürich"(extraordinary,fundamental)

cleaning(N.Y.):unknown

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel university,first results

"Subculture-the maning of style"(Hebdige)

extraordinary black/white graffiti(Kassel)to be published in:"Grafitti in Kassel"1981

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

anti-atom protesters drawing"atomic graffiti"on ground

"Corazzu,Bilder des Widerstandes an den Mauern Orgolos"(Granzer/Schütze)Sardinian

murals

Rammellzee:"Treatise assassins knowledge of the square points one to sixteen"(famous

text,theory of writing)

"Denk-Anschläge"(M.Spies,Germany)this excellent documentation being proof that even if you buy advertisement-space(billboards)and want to put up political informations billboard-firms rejecting to let you participate in"freedom".....with arguments"other customers may be displeased".....

From day of this publications any pseudo-talks about"legal walls"and related informations known to be FAKE-arguments....CENSORHSHIP is a FACT in all states.You only have to find out ahd SPIES did in Germany.

Harald Naegeli(Zurich-sprayer)becomes identified(Zurich,police)

1980 New York"Graffiti Art Success"(exhibition)

Events(New York)

Lee(Milano)exhibiting

contacts to Vienna,Norbert SIEGL(graffiti,latrinalia-research,graffiti)

origins of"Wiener Graffiti-Archiv"

Noc 167 exhibiting,New York

"Stollwerck"(former chocolate factory)at Cologne being"occupied"by 1000 young people

developement of alternative institutions including huge walls of fame(writing)

"Graffiti-additional clinical observations"(Lomas)

"Världen är skiti-leve graffiti"(B.Dagrin,Stockholm)

collection of graffiti(Kassel)to be published in 1981,1982

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

"Lokumstigte og retiradenvers"(A.Enevig)Denmark

"Der Mensch und seine Symbole"(Jung/von Franz/Henderson/Jacobi/Jaffe)

"Unsere Kinder im Spiegel ihrer Reime,Verse und Rätsel"(E.Borneman)3 vols.

fundamental

film(France):"Le mur mure"

Cologne,Stollwerck(chocolate factory)becoming hall of fame

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

1981:New Waves(New York)

Crash(New York)

"Beyond Words"(New York)

K.Haring(New York)exhibiting

K.Haring(New York)Club 57

"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität".vol.2

"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität",vol.3.1

"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität",vol.3.2

"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität",vol.4.1

Grafitti in Kassel-ein Bilder-Buch(vol.4.2)Beyer/Thiel("wall-art")

"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität",vol.5

"Studien zur menschlichen Sexualität",vol.6

"Grafitti-Bibliographie/graffiti-bibliography"(1.)Kassel,A.Thiel

first publication of industrial("workers`)graffiti

Germany:first anti-graffiti spray(Vandal-Ex)

Parolex(next cleaning product)

cleaning(N.Y.):600 000 $$(failure in strategy)

Noc 167(New York)

"The graffiti file"(Nigel Rees)

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

Dortmund (Germany)scene

Düsseldorf Germany)scene(H.Naegeli lived here for some time)

"Kreatives Unbehagen"(A.Thiel,wall-notes(graffiti-style)from a symposion)

Kassel/Hofgeismar

Denver graffiti scene(Z 13)developing

"Kunst an der Wand"(V.Barthelmeh)

influence of tv(advertisement)

1."Hall of fame"

"documenta 7"(Kassel)

"Gestörte psychosoziale Verhältnisse im Spiegel von Schullbank-Graffiti"(U.Bracht)

fundamental

Goodspeed,R.C."From Greek to graffiti"

Haan,M.N.:"Graffit in the Southwest conference"

Haan,M.N."Graffiti in the Pac Ten"

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

1982:"Wild Style"(Ahearn)first film(publication,permutation,multiplication!)

"Sprüche und Kommunikation aus Damen und Herrentoiletten"(Kassel)

"Getting up"(book)Castelman

Crash(New York)exhibiting

exhibition(New York)

New York Graffiti Show(new York)

exhibition(Antwerpen)

exhibition(Geneva)

Daze(New York)

Dondi White(New York)

Dondi White(New York)51X

Futura(New York)

K.Haring(Rotterdam)

Lee(New York)

Lee(Amsterdam)

Lee(New York)Fun gallery

Phase 2(London)

Toxic(New York)

Zephyr(New York)

"Eine Untersuchung von Grafitti unter Einsatz der Technik der"freien Assoziation"(Thiel)

no.1

"Grafitti im"Der Spiegel"(A.Thiel),Kassel

"Grafitti-Bibliographie/graffiti-bibliography(2.),Kassel,A.Thiel

Berlin graffiti/writing scene developing

Berlin wall(largest projection-screen)

Toxic("documenta",)Kassel,Germany

Frankfurt(Main)graffiti-scene,first trains

"Gestörte psychosoziale Verhältnisse im Spiegel von Schulbank-Graffiti"(dissertation)U.

Bracht,Kassel(fundamental)

"Spray-Athen-Graffiti in Berlin"(Schmitz/Michel),Berlin

lecturing on graffiti(Vienna)sexuality symposion,A.Thiel(literary aspects of graffiti)

"Zurich-Sprayer"making graffiti known(Europe)

"Wilde Bilder-Graffiti und Wandbilder",IN:"Kunstforum International",Bd.50

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

first developemental steps for"angry spraycan":creative way

angry spraycan being anthropomorphisation of writers motives(symbolisation)

"figure with gun":destructive way(more details see:1988)

"Graffiti"(ISBN 3-900347-09-3)

1983:"Grafitti-Bibliographie/graffiti-bibliography"(3.)Kassel,A.Thiel

exhibition A-One(Milano)

"Post Graffiti"(New York)S.Janis

Blade(Amsterdam)

"Post Graffiti"(New York)

exhibition(Amsterdam)

Bill Blast(Amsterdam)

exhibition(New York)fun gallery

Crash(Amsterdam)

Crash(New York)

exhibition(Newcastle)

Daze(Tokyo)

Dondi White(Amsterdam)

Dondi White(New York)

Dondi White(Düsseldorf)

Dondi White(New York)51x

Futura(New York)

Futura(Paris)

Futura(Amsterdam)

Futura(New York)51x

KHaring(New York)

K.Haring(Tokyo)

K.Haring(Neapel)

K.Haring(London)

K.Haring(Antwerpen)

A.Thiel"Einführung in die Grafitti-Forschung Forschung/introduction to graffiti- research"

vol.1,also part 2(from now on:"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION")

Lee(Amsterdam)

Lee(Cincinnati)

Noc 167(Amsterdam)

Phase 2(New York)

Phase 2(Cologne)

Phase 2(Rotterdam)

Phase 2 (Basel)

Lady Pink(New York)

Lady Pink(New York)Fashion Moda

Quik(Düsseldorf)

Quik(Amsterdam)

Rammellzee(Berlin)

Rammellzee(Amsterdam)

Rammellzee(New York)

Seen(Amsterdam)

Toxic(Munich)

Zephyr(Amsterdam)

Zephyr(Düsseldorf)

"Eine Untersuchung von Grafitti unter Einsatz der Technik der"freien Assoziation"(Thiel)

"Wild Style"(film)comes to Germany.....!!runs 15 weeks(!!)Munich...

Munich(Germany) graffiti/writing-scene started

Munich crews"The force"(Blash,Loomit)

"The jolly rogers" (TJR)(Roy,Roscoe)

"The funnies"

Ray(Munich)famous writer

Munich writer Ali selling his art at"Beck"-mall(advertisement aspect)

Munich(Stadtarchiv München)starting a collection of slides of local graffiti/writing sli-

des(archieving)

Noc 167(Rotterdam)

Noc 167(Amsterdam)

German(Munich)based printing-house"Heyne"starting "Scene"series with lots of

graffiti-books

"mein sprayen-mein revoltieren"(H.Naegeli)Bern,"Zurich-sprayer"

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel,Bremen

"Zurich-Sprayer"making graffiti known(Germany)

anti-graffiti:"Dirty word remover"USA

anti-atom activists outlines the"shadow"of human bodies onto ground(projection)

reminding of the"atomic graffiti"from Japan

"Psychologie"(P.G.Zimbardo)4.,reflecting on writing/graffiti

Swedish scene developing(Disey,Ziggy,Zappo)Stockholm

A.Thiel"Einführung in die Grafitti-Forschung/introduction to graffiti-research",no.1

abbreviated"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION"

Webster,H.:"The graffiti of Tikal"

Harald Naegeli arrested in Germany(Interpol)

"Massenkunst nach Diktaturen"(ISBN 3-900347-15-8)

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

1984:"Subway art"(Cooper/Chalfant)

"Beat street"(movie)USA

"Stylewars 1"(film)

fanzine:IG Times(New York)

exhibition(Philadelphia)

exhibition(Bologna)

"Classical American Graffiti Writers"(Munich)

exhibition(Bruxelles)

exhibition(London)Fraser

exhibition(Venice)Biennale XLI

Blade(Amsterdam)

"Graffiti"(Groningen)

"New York Graffiti"(Denmark)

exhibition(Munich)

exhibition(Otterloo)

Crash(Amsterdam)

Crash(New York)

exhibition(Aachen)

Crash&Daze(New York)

Dondi White(Amsterdam)

Futura(Amsterdam)

Futura(New York)fun gallery

K.Haring(Cologne)

K.Haring(Milano)

K.Haring(New York)

K.Haring(Basel)

Lee(Cologne)

Lee(New York)

Phase 2( Roma)

Phase 2(Vienna)

Phase 2(New York)

Phase 2(new York)Stellweg-Seguy

Phase 2(New York)Gallozzi

Phase 2(Groningen)

Lady Pink(München)

Lady Pink(Philadelphia)

Quik(Amsterdam)

Quik(New York)

Rammellzee(Amsterdam)

Rammellzee(New York)

Rammellzee(Roma)

Rammellzee(New York)Gallozzi

Seen(New York)

Zephyr(New York)

Zephyr(San Francisco)

subway graffiti(Basel)

Anni(female)writer at Munich working

München(graffiti scene)developing(Germany)

Cheech H(train,Munich)

Munich crew:"The union"

"Über den Einsatz von Grafitti in der amerikanischen Psychiatrie"(A.Thiel)Bremen

"Style wars"in German tv(11-05-84)3.programme

Weimar(East-Germany):peace-graffiti(arrests)by Wolfram Hasch(21),Volker Otto(19)

Alexander Kobylinski(19),Jan Fischer(21)

Rammellzee/Ero(Munich)

Phase II and Delta II(legal train at Vienna)two car,3 days work,100 cans

-agk-doing large tags in Alps(like Kyselak did in 18.century)

Noc 167(Groningen)

Noc 167(München)

Bochum(Germany)graffiti-scene

"La insurreccion de las paredes"(Ramirez/Cabezas/Tellez)Nicaragua

"Szene New York"Köln,catalogue

"Kreatives Erleben"(E.Landau,Tel Aviv)

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

Germany,public discussion on"Zurich-Sprayer"(.Naegeli)

graffiti/writing becoming"fashion"(series of publications,many books)

"Handschriften op muren en toiletten"(S.Lievens)Belgium

"Arbeitsgruppe psychosoziale Probleme und visuelle Kommunikation",IN:"Connexions"

"Hip hop"-the illustrated history of break dancing,rap music and graffiti(S.Hager)

"Der Sprayer von Zürich-Solidarität mit Harald Naegeli"(M.Müller,Hg.)

Swedish tags(first):Zack,Merly

Schmidt,D.J.:"More graffiti devotions fur guys"

Schmidt,D.J.:"More graffiti devotions for girls"

Harald Naegeli(Switzerland,Winterthur)high-security prison

"Szene New York"(Cologne,Germany)

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

ARTISTS (songwriter,singers,poets,writers)INFLUENCES ON GRAFFITI:

Graffti being reflected in songs:

SEX PISTOLS:"Anarchy in the UK"(no future)

SIMON/GARFUNKEL:"Sounds of silence"("..words of prophets....")

Ina DETER:"...Ich sprühe auf jede Wand:Neue Männer braucht das Land"

RHEINGOLD:"Graffitis"

LUSTHANSA:"Traumspray"

Bob DYLAN:"Love minus Zero/No limit"(on:Bringing it all back home,album)

Graffiti being reflected in poetry:

Wolf BIERMANN:"Ballade von den verdorbenen Greisen"

Johannes R.BECHER:"Hand in Hand"

Bert BRECHT:"Die unbesiegbare Inschrift"(best I ever found...)

Bert BRECHT:"Über die Verbindung von Lyrik und Literatur"

Bert BRECHT:"Das Lied von der Tünche"

Bert BRECHT:"An der Mauer stand mit Kreide"

Wilhelm BUSCH:"Wenn ich dereinst.....BERTHA so vor mir in den Sand"

Peter De PAUL:"Fahrtmüde"

Georg FORESTRIER:"Ich schreibe mein Herz in den Staub der Strasse"

J.W.GOETHE:"Über allen Gipfeln ist Ruh.."(engraved by him on a wooden plank in a hut)

Johann Peter HEBEL:"Das letzte Wort"

Heinrich HEINE:"Belsazer"

Franz HOHLER:"Vendetta"

Yaak KARSUNKE:"Kilroy war hier"

Wilhelm MÜLLER:"Ungeduld"

Wilhelm MÜLLER:"Der Lindenbaum"

Peter VIERECK(Robert,Edwin):"Kilroy"(USA)

Tony HARRISON:"V"(1985,Newcastle,Bloodaxe books)p:10

WRITING/WRITERS AS OBJECT OF STORIES(fiction):

Ed McBain:"Graffiti"

Steve Lopez:"Der Sprayer"("Third and Indiana")

1985:first fanzines(black/white)

"Stylewars 2"film

A-One(Lecce,Italy)

"ARCO"(Madrid)exhibition

A-One,Noc,Toxic(New York)

exhibition(Munich)

Blade(Amsterdam)

Blade(New York)

exhibition(Helmond)

exhibition(Rotterdam)

Crash(Amsterdam)

exhibition(Tel Aviv)

Daze(New York)

Futura(New York)

Futura(Los Angeles)

K.Haring(New York)

K.Haring(New York)L.Castelli

K.Haring(München)

Koor(Bruxelles)

Lee(London)

Phase 2(New York)

Phase 2(Puerto Rico)

Phase 2(New York)Feldman

Phase 2(Stuttgart)

Phase 2(Munich)

Phase 2(Bologna)

Phase 2(Zurich)

Lady Pink(New York)

Rammellze(Zürich)

Rammellzee(Amsterdam)

Paris:extraordinary stencils becoming developed here,a sideline of graffiti named

serigraffiti

SOKO Graffiti(Deutsche Bahn)München,graffiti-squad by transportation(railway)

Hans Schluttenhofer(policeman)being expert in writing matters (München)

"sales ban"(under age=18)at New York(executed by mayor: Koch)

"Style wars"in German tv(11-05-85)ARD(main programme)

first whole train(Munich)in Germany

lecturing on writing/graffiti(Akademie der Bildenden Künste)Munich:700 visitors

(14-02-85)

cleaning costs at New York alone(1970 to 1985)ca.150 millions $$

"Stadtarchiv München";5000 slides(to be continued)

"Keeping it clean"(Grimmer)USA

"The language of the heart"(J.J.Lynch)

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

"Graffiti-eine linguistische Untersuchung"(R.Meyer,Heidelberg))exam-paper(Magister)

one of first students using Kassel graffiti-archive

US-army"reading" toilet walls(graffiti)to detect racial conflics(early-warning system,

Menetekel-function)military "pro-graffiti-squad"

"Elementarzeichen"exhibition(Berlin)also graffiti

"Amerkinansk 80-tal"(exhibition)Stockholm

S.Müller"Graffiti"(the guy that stole my bibliography...)

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

1986:"Das Graffiti-Lexikon"(Kreuzer,Germany)

Blade(Amsterdam)

exhibition(Düren)

exhibition(New York)

Crash(New York)

Daze(New York)

Futura(New York)

K.Haring(Amsterdam)

K.Haring(Paris)

Phase 2(Düren)

Phase 2(New York)

Phase 2(New York)Gallozzi

Lady Pink(New York)

Rammellzee(Roma)

Rammellzee(New York)

Rammellzee(Helmond)

Rammellzee(New York)Braathen

Zeichen.Symbole,Graffiti etc.(Aachen)exhibition

formation of anti-graffiti/writing movements

whole car(Munich)"Atomic exit"

"Geltendorfer Zug"(Munich)train

München:November,European writers`meeting here

München:Alois Spies becoming expert in writing(heading cleaning section) of

local transportation authority(Stadtwerke München)huge collection of writing

Euro Graffiti Union(EGU)fouded by Peter Kreuzer and Konrad Kitl(legal walls etc.)

400 members at Munich alone,also spreading to other European cities

famous German"Banana-sprayer(Thomas Baumgärtel)starting(Cologne)

famous Cologne"Stollwerck"torn down(writers places)

Cologne famous"fishbone"pochoirs(Sandoz environmental intoxication!)

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

graffiti being used in instituational analysis(Neuberger/Kompa)Germany

"Vite fait,bien fait"(Deville,N./Masse,M.-P./Pinet,J.)French stencils(Paris)

"Pochoir a la une"(Pierson,S./Dambier,G.)Paris,stencils

"Serigraffiti"(Huber,J./Beilly,J.-C.)Paris,stencils

I.Eibl-Eibesfeld:"Die Biologie des menschlichen Verhaltens"(reflects graffiti)basic text-

book on ethology

Haan,M.N."Graffiti in the Ivy League"

Wilson,P.:"Graffiti and vandalism on state rail"

Levitt,H.:"In the sreet:chalk drawings...etc."

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

Sandoz chemical factory poisoning river Rhine,inviting Harald Naegeli to do specific

fish-graffiti

Harald Naegeli at Düsseldorf(Germany)making one graffiti in dedication to Joseph

Beuys(24-01-86)on a public wall

1986:TCHERNOBYL:atomic catastrophy

STENCILLISTS NAMES(international):

aachener wandmaler

al carbone

art no

art scelleur

avid

bambi

bananen-sprayer

bernd d

blek(le rat)

bombe h

bounty

bruno les cochons

byc

chorus

chou

corton,alexis

dan

delit

dig

docteur table

don schablono

el assiston

el koiko kid

epsilon point

etherno,paul

graffito

international secret mosquito

jean bombeur

jef aerosol

joachim x

k!m pr!su

krips,markus

larrivaz,dominique

la signe

le rire du fou

les justes

lex

lolo,miegemolle

malemort

marie rouffet

mazurka,axel

megaton-base 101

mesnager,jerome

mickey-l`ange

miss tic

nemo

nice art

olivier

paella,chimicos

pencl

ph 8

pignon,ernest

rebel

ribiere,alan

rino

roger dimanche

rouffet,marie

signe

stan

stuttgart vit!

surface active

tabot velud

tnt

toto

t.point

tyze

ulys

unicut

vlp(vive la peinture)

zlotykamien

zone art

zorg

a side aspect of writing/graffiti is the upcoming and developement of stencils (pochoir)to a separate style of art that is being used by a small percentage of persons internationally and bringing forth respectable results(large scales,multi-colored).It is part of the process of use of outside walls by populace.

1987:first fanzines(color,high quality paper etc.)

"Spraycan art"(Chalfant&Prigoff)

exhibition(New York)

exhibition(Firenze)

Daze(New York)

Dondi White(New York)

K.Haring(Amsterdam)

K.Haring(New York)

K.Haring(Helsinki)

K.Haring(Lausanne)

Rammellzee(Groningen)

Rammellzee(Roma)

Rammellzee(Milano)

Rammellzee(Amsterdam)

since here internet graffiti/writing projects,URLs etc.

exhibition(Aachen)

Crash(New York)

Futura(New York)

K.Haring(Los Angeles)

K.Haring(Düsseldorf)

K.Haring(Bay Harbor Islands)

Koor(New York)

Quik(Doorn)

"Zwangst"(A.Thiel),IN:"Der Sprachdienst",Wiesbaden

Munich writers`scene:Loomit,Cemnoz,Don M.Zaza

SOKO(Sonderkommission=squad)Graffiti,München

"Club of Rome"C.O.R(crew,trainbombing)Munich

Hamburg graffiti-scene developing

EGU("European graffiti union")by P.Kreuzer

crew"Stone age kids"Munich

Dortmund(Germany)graffiti-scene developing(Shark,Chintz)

Berlin(West)writers`scene developing

fines:up to 200 000 Marks to my knowledge(defacing property etc.)

"Graffiti Live-die Züge gehören uns",München

Munich:"Studie"Vandalismus,Schmierschriften und Graffitis"(Spies)

"Zehn Jahre Graffiti-Archiv",IN:Die Tageszeitung(Berlin)

city of Bad Homburg(Germany)permitting 2 legal walls

fanzine:ghetto art(1987-1989)

Roller,L.E.:"Nonverbal graffiti,dipinti and stamps"

Stollwerck(chocolate-factory)torn down(Cologne)hall of fame since 1980

A.Thiel"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION",no.3

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

from now on writing global movement....cultural diffusion

characters(style,technique etc.)developing(comic influences)

murals in use

"hall of fame"(meeting places)competition,study,developement

Munich writer telling interviewer him being"a servant to society"

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

different caps in use(technique!)

fanzine:Ghetto art(Los Angeles)

Brentzel,M./Moormann,H.:"Da kukse wa"(Dortmund)

a guess and some figures:New York writers/taggers:ca. 10 000 persons

1988:"Die Spraydose als Überdruckventil"Kassel(by A.Thiel)

"Graffiti and conflicts-forgotten aspects"(A.Thiel),IN:XI int.school psychology col-

loquium(Bamberg,Germany)abstracts

Munich,crew"Atlantic island warriors"

Stuttgart crews"Royal writing force"(RWF)

Hamburg first trains

Mönchengladbach writers scene

Sweden("fucked up")color/black/white

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Bamberg(int.school psychology colloquium),Kassel

Paul.Thiel"Graffiti"IN:("Lexikon der Kunst",Leipzig)

"Graffiti-Una ciudad imaginada"(A.Silva)Bogota

city of Bad Homburg(Germany,mayor`s birthday present:a graffiti/writing picture

"Homburger Sommer"(writers officially invited to Bad Homburg)

exhibition(canvas-writing)Bad Homburg

Bad Homburg(youth-counter of a bank)decorated by writing/graffiti("Commerzbank")

origins of NGIN(national graffiti information network)J.Beswick coordinator,

Los Angeles

Denver("Denver graffiti removal manual")

comparing the news in media it soon turned out to be a subject of ideological aspects

that became discussed(good-bad polarization)

"property"being the"sacred cow"

"An die Wand gesprüht"(C.Maisenbacher)French stencils

fanzine:Hype(Australia)

Bomber magazine(NL)

adrenalin(exhibition)Melbourne

Crash(New York)

A.Thiel:"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION",part 4

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

WRITING-HISTORY being defined sixfold:

1.the angry spraycan(symbolically)

2.writers terminology INSIDE-aspect

3.writers publications

----------------------------------------------------------------

4.writers`manifesto

5.all publications OUTSIDE-aspect

6.graffiti-research

A simplified developemental matrix of graffiti in 20.century

1.ubiquitious graffiti(normal)REGIONALISATION

2.names become important(tags)

3.media-coverage(ca.1970,TAKI 183 etc.)GLOBALISATION

4.spraycans available,developements(creaolization)CREATIVITY,

qualitative leap

5.American graffiti permutate to all countries

6.fanzines,graffiti-books,anti-graffiti movement(DIFFEREN-

TIATION)

7.internet-graffiti,graf-stores etc.

8.internet(newsgroups,ART CRIMES etc.)CONSOLIDATION

9.feedback on all aspects of graffiti

10.graffiti/writing on CD-ROMs.electronic media etc.

1989:Bill Blast(New York)

Blade(New York)

Crash(Los Angeles)

Crash(Bay Harbor Islands)

Crash(Monaco)

Daze(Monaco)

Daze(New York)

Futura(Paris)

Futura(Vire)

Futura(N.Y.)

K.Haring(Antwerpen)

"Streetwork and graffiti"(A.Thiel),IN:Streetcorner,no.1,Nürnberg

Stuttgart crews"United spray can force"(USF)

at Munich from 1985 to 1989 was Europes largest"hall of fame"(Flohmarkt)

Berlin Wall coming down(end of East Germany)

reunification of Germany

"Colors"(movie)important for Berlin

Berlin writers(a selection):Amen,Amok,Dane,Deza,Kane,Kaos,Maxim,Rebel,Roc,Shek

Sez

Berlin crews(a selection):Saints,Denots,Graffiti subway gangsters(GSG),International

subway gangsters(IGS),The comic freezers(TCF),Bright kingdoms(BKS),Glorious five

artists(GFA)

"Graffiti removal and control"(Wallace/Whitehead)GB

new fanzine:hiphop connection(GB)

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

P.Thiel"Graffiti",IN:"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION",vol.5,6

"international work-group on graffiti-research",IN:"Sociology,22(1)Sussex

Bad Homburg(Germany)exhibition(writing/graffiti at local bistro)

Bad Homburg(exibition)Galerie Fürstenhof

Bad Homburg(youth-club"E-Werk")2 legal walls

"An der Wand,Graffiti zwischen Anarchie und Galerie"(Stahl,ed.)

"Die Mauer-Bilder einer Trennung"(C.Proske)

fanzines:Fat cap(Norway)

Can control replacing ghetto art(Los Angeles)

Graffiti New York-Paris(exhibition)Aachen

"graffiti"(L.Howorth),IN:"Handbook of American popular culture",vol 1.(2.),

pp:549-565

"Graffitidiots driven to begging",IN:"Life on the Capitol Hill"(02-06-89)Denver,p:1

"An der Wand-Graffiti-zwischen Anarchie und Galerie"(J.Stahl)

"Subway graffiti-an aesthetic study of graffiti on the subway system of

New York 1970-1978"(J.Stewart)

film:"Bombing"(USA)

A.Thiel:"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION";PARTS 5,6

tattooing also(unconsciously)influencing graffiti/writing(symbols etc.)

tv-report(ZDF,Germany)on writing/graffiti in cooperation with A.Thiel

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

STYLES RELATED TO WRITERS:DEVELOPEMENTAL

ASPECTS

Phase 2,Riff 170,Pel 1............lettering styles(beginning)

Phase 2:outline,cut,softie(bubble),fused,foot,star,extension bar,wild letters,loops,arrows

Worm,Riff 170:comic,script elite,cracked,pitch fork letters

Pistol 1:3-D-effects

Blade 1:western letters

Mad 1:ball letters,marshmallow and platform

RIFF 170:puzzle design,multiple color schemes,intricate designs

Phase 2:background cloud,faces as letters,big drips,polka dot 3-Ds

Flint 707:designs clouds

With accurate study you might almost always be able to track down(!)styles to single(pioneering)persons in all aspects and on all levels of developements.

THE handbook?"Writing from the underground-(r)evolution of aerosol linguistics

This book is offering(printed:1996)both theoretical outlines and visual documents to help you understand and trace the developemental lines of writing.

Together with those "famous"books by CHALFANT/COOPER;CASTELMAN they are musts in case you want to find out yourself.....

"Bombing L.A."(Glaser)video-documentation

"Graffitiskolan"(Kungsholmen)training in writing

Marianne Sjöman"Klottrandet som fenomen"(Abo)

1990:A-One(Utrecht)

exhibition(Belgium)

Crash&Daze(Monpellier)

Crash&Daze(New York)

Daze(Paris)

Futura(New York)

Futura(Monaco)

Futura(New York)M.Lawrence

K.Haring(Paris)

K.Haring(New York)

K.Haring(Oostende)

Koor(Deurne)

Quik(Woodstock)

Amsterdam writers`scene"bombing"local transit system

"Spraykonst"(S.Jacobson)Ahus

Berlin`s"graffiti association"providing"legal"walls

Berlin`s writers(a selection):Ben,Bisaz,Cadeh,Daso,Eso,Gina(female)Gosh,Jonas,Oxboe

Kim II,Poet,Pyk,Rosco,Skume,Soda,Steak,Wesp,

"Mut zur Begabung"(E.Landau,Tel Aviv)

"hype"(black/white and color)

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

NGIN first meeting(68 participants)

fanzines:can control

graffiti rock(Philadelphia)

vapors magazine(Santa Barbara)

Pjay seen productions(Bronx)

Bomber Megazine(NL)

14 K(CH)

Aerosol Art magazine(GB)

"Bombing and burning"(D.Brewer/M.Miller),IN:"Deviant behavior",11,pp:345-369

"Moscow graffiti"(J.Bushnell)

the "Chaka-controversey" at Los Angeles(see:FERRELL)

matters of writers(having to)use multiple tags to hide/secure their identity

"Graffiti Clean Up Day"(Denver)

"clampdown"(Denver)

Denver`s cleaning costs/year:ca. 350 000 $$ to 1.000 000 $$

"Pompeji-archäologischer Führer"(Coarelli/La Rocca/De Vos)hardcover

"Grafitti Archiv Kassel",IN:"Archive und Dokumentationszentren in der Bundesrepu-

blik Deutschland"

video-clips influence

"Videograf"

"Aerosol kingdom,the indegenous culture of New York subway painters"

(I.Miller)important

cleaning costs to Stockholm/year:30 millions of Crowns

Edition ID-Archiv im IISG(Hg.)"Reader der"anderen"Archive"p:215(Kassel graffiti

archive)

Waldenburg,H.:"The Berlin Wall"

A.Thiel"Graffiti einst und jetzt",IN:"Das neue Universum",no.107

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

the developement of costs to city of Stockholm:

YEAR: COSTS:Swedish Crowns

1979.....................................2.355 000

1980.....................................2.390 000

1981.....................................2.722 000

1982.....................................2.857 000

1983.....................................2.552 000

1984.....................................2.480 000

1985.....................................3.029 000

1986.....................................6.642 0000

1987.....................................14.746 000

1988.....................................22.610 000

1989.....................................27.115 000

1990.....................................30 000 000

1991:"Vandalism&graffiti"(Coffield)fundamental

introduction to"vandalism"with some aspects of a graffiti-controversey

the polarizing aspect is very obvious when and if public discussion is on graffiti/writing

this aspect of polarisation is an indicator of very powerful unconscious influences and

may be looked at some"automatic response"

"Night train-the power that man made"(I.Miller)

"American Graffiti"(Bruxelles)exhibition

Postgraffiti(Washington)

fanzine:pump up the can(Australia)

burning desire(San Francisco)

Post-Graffiti/Fine Arts(Bruxelles)

Graffiti-Art(Paris)

Crash(Paris)

Futura(Paris)

Futura(Montpellier)

Koor(Bruxelles)

Quik(Deurne)

Ash,Jay 1,Skki,BBC(Germany)

"Graffiti einst und jetzt"(A.Thiel),IN:Das neue Universum,no.107,München

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

"Polskie mury"(Czarnecki/Poitrowska/Szmagier/Waloch)Torun(Poland)

shop-decorations(inside and outside)by writers habing been"normal"in many countries

NGIN officially started

"Klotter-det är väl ingen konst"(anti-graffiti film)Sweden

"Coming from the subway"(Pijnenburg)exhibition,Paris

"Aerosolskolan"(Uppsala)training in writing

"Paris tonkar"(

fanzine:Tox 1,journal des cultures de la rue(Paris)

exhibition(Australia)

Le Mat,P.:"More American graffiti"

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

1992."Coming from the subway"(Pijnenburg)book

exhibition"off the wall"(Australia)

Toxic(Groningen)

new fanzine"underground productions"(Sweden)black/white

lecturing on graffiti(A.Thiel)Kassel

B.Bosmans(Bruxelles)voluminous study on graffiti(2 vols.)stencils

"longest graffiti"(Guiness book of records)from Sweden

coming from the subway(exhibition)Groningen

A.Thiel:"EINFÜHRUNG/INTRODUCTION",parts 7,8

USA:The American association of code enforcement involved in anti-graffiti strategy

USA:Golden gate bridge highway and transportation district involved in anti-graffiti

strategy

Whitford,M.J."Getting rid of graffiti,a practical guide..etc."

Stone,M.E.:"Rock inscriptions and graffiti project",vol.2

Grimmer,A.E.:"Keeping it clean"

Gould,M.:"Graffiti wipeout"

A.Thiel lecturing on graffiti

GRAFFITI/WRITING-SYNONYMA

Here you`ll find a list of key-words"behind"which you always will find informations on and about graffiti that often-at first sight-aren`t"visible".Not all words make at first sight clear what they are about...here you also have to"read between the lines".

The list is already presenting you with a"network"of related words that show the ubiquity of terms on graffiti we`re surrounded with without ever fully understanding and noticing which shows us how many unconscious aspects we`re being faced with.

For a complete overview see:vocabulary of graffiti-research and writers terminology,writers names`international list,female writers names`international list,dead writers names`international list.The complete list of GRAFFITI-SYNONYMA has already been published in our series"Einführung in die Grafitti-Forschung/introduction to graffiti-research"with detailled explanations.

acclamationes

Aboriginal art

Abortkunst

aerosol

aerosol art

aerosol culture

aerosoul

alt.graffiti

aliasname

American graffiti

Amor`s arrow

anarchy sign

anonymous inscriptions

anonymous messages

Anthropophyteia

anti-graffiti-policy

archetypes

arrow

Art Crimes

atomic graffiti

auto-bombing

backgrounding

bad characters

basic signs

basic sign inventory

Belsazzer

Biblical citations

billboards

biograffiti

biting

blackbook

blockbuster

body-painting

bombing

branding

bubble-style

buffing

burner

burning

can

can-control

caps

carbombing

cartagging

carvings

cave-art

cave-painting

chalk

chalking

charactags

character

Chi-Rho

Con Safos

counter-symbol

crazy-graffiti

crazy-tag

crew

crude drawings

daydream

dedication

defacing property

digital jungle

dirt graffiti

defacing(wall)

devil

drawing

dream(come true)

drips

dust-graffiti

electronic-graffiti

elementary signs

El Reflector

epigram

epigraphy

eradicating the stain

etching

eye-catcher

fading

fame

fanzines

fat cap

fill in

final outline

first outline

fish

fools(names and fools faces...etc.)

foreshadowing

foreboding

free walls

fumetti

Gaunerzinke

getting up

going over

graffiti-art

graffiti-bibliography

graffiti-films

graffiti-research

graffiti videos

graffiti=hate=crime

graffiti urls

Graffnet

graffiti

ground-drawings

ground-games

Hakenkreuz

hall of fame

hand/foot

hate-graffiti

heavenly signs

high voltage

hip-hop graffiti

hobos`signs

homosexual graffiti

hooliganism

hot 110

icon

iconography

ideogram

in hoc signo vinces

initials

inspiration

internet-graffiti

Karzer-graffiti

Kilroy was here

Krauss,F.S.

Kunst am Bau

KZ-tattoos

latrinalia

legal graffiti

lightning

light-painting

lipstick-graffiti

love-messages

marker

masterpiece

memorial

Menetekel

message

meta-graffiti

monica

moniker

mural

murals instead

murals on wheels

nadpisi

name

Narrenhände(beschmieren....etc.)

no future

nothing but(vandalism...)

No.4711

obscene drawings

omen

ostracize

ostrakon

outlines

paleography

parody-graffiti

parole

pavement-art

peace-sign

pentagram

petroglyphes

Pflastermalerei

Picardia Mexicana

pictogram

pictographs

picture-fundus

picture-inventory

piece

pilgrims graffiti

place

pochoir

prehistoric art

projection

proskynematon

quickpiece

reading the signs of times

requiescat in pace

R.I.P.

rock inscriptions

rooftop

Runes

sand-drawing

sand-painting

Satan

scatology

Schablone

Schablonengraffiti

scratching

scratching the surface

scratchiti

scribbling

sequential parody graffiti

serigraffiti

shade

shadow

Sigiri graffiti

signature

signing

signs

skinny cap

skull/bones

sky-painting

slate

smearing

smearing impulse

stencils

snow-signs

spray-art

spray-can

spraying

spray-paint

sprayer

SS-tattoos

stencil

stickers

stigmata

street-art

style

subway-art

supersign

swastika

symbol